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Latest Climate Report Warns of Major Upheaval to California Way of Life

The dire projections come from the state’s Climate Change Assessment, which analyzes the impacts of changing weather patterns on the nation’s most-populous state.

© Mario Tama/Getty Images

The report finds that without major intervention, as much as three-quarters of California’s beaches could disappear — either seasonally or permanently — by 2100 because of coastal erosion.
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A Japanese Spacecraft Aims to Bring Back a Bit of a Martian Moon

The mission, which launched on Monday, is headed to Phobos, the larger of the two moons of Mars. It could carry back the first samples from the Martian system.

© Yuichi Yamazaki/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

The Martian Moons Exploration spacecraft, built by the Japanese space agency, includes components from NASA and European partners.
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A Reporter Who Saw Covid Coming Has Died

Helen Branswell recognized the threat of the pandemic ahead of the vast majority of journalists and even medical experts. She was 69.

© Philip Keith for The New York Times

Helen Branswell in 2020. She was a reporter for STAT, the medical and science news site, since its start in 2015.
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The Leap Second Has Been Canceled

Earth’s rotation subtly changes the length of the day. Now our clocks won’t change with it — at least not for a very long time.

© Miguel Román, Joshua Stevens/NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

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Inside the Plague Research Labs at the Heart of a Russian Mystery

A Russian researcher, who died from an unknown illness, worked at a remote anti-plague facility. Few foreigners have visited these labs, which dot the former Soviet states, and are shrouded in secrecy.

© Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute, via Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

A picture released by the Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute showing specialists working in a laboratory in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, in 2019.
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How Top Trump Officials Stoked Fears of a Nuke That Could Fry the Power Grid

For more than a decade, conservative activists held that a single atomic bomb could, without killing Americans directly, lay waste to the country — a claim that built fervor for war with Iran.

© Danvis Collection/Alamy

The test detonation in 1962 of a hydrogen bomb lit up the night sky over Honolulu and knocked out some of the city’s electrical systems. Experts linked the unanticipated damage to what they came to call the electromagnetic pulse.
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He Helped Discover Ebola 50 Years Ago. He’s Still Worried.

In an interview, Dr. Peter Piot recalled when he first saw the spindly virus under a microscope and reflected on a five-decade career spent fighting two deadly pathogens.

© Daniel Berehulak/The New York Times

Dr. Peter Piot was among the first scientists to see the Ebola virus, as a young researcher in Belgium in 1976.
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Why Ketamine Immobilizes Some Users

Potent powders can produce a nearly catatonic state, particularly in those who have not tried the drug before.

© Sandy Huffaker for The New York Times

Ketamine is a useful sedative and antidepressant at light doses. At stronger doses, it is a powerful anesthetic, but at repeated high doses, it deadens sensation, leaving users conscious but unable to act.
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Will We Ever Understand Dementia?

Since the days of Dr. Alzheimer himself, there has been a dream that severe senility might have an explanation — and a cure. The search for both has never been more urgent.

© Oliver Farshi for The New York Times

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Big Controversy Upends a Contest About Microscopic Videos

Nikon announced that it had disqualified the winner of its Small World in Motion competition over how A.I. was used in his submission.

© iStock/Getty Images

Nikon’s Small World in Motion competition is an annual video contest that awards the best footage captured through the lens of a microscope.
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Cancer Vaccines Are the N.I.H.’s Next ‘Big Bet’

New details have emerged about an initiative that starts in December to fast-track the vaccines, similar to the successful push for the Covid-19 vaccine.

© Adam Glanzman/Bloomberg

Cancer vaccine research at the biotech company Moderna in Cambridge, Mass., which reported in August promising results that a melanoma vaccine increased the time before cancers recurred and increased the time before the cancers spread.
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‘Breathtaking,’ ‘Devastating’: Mathematics Reels After New OpenAI Release

Hundreds of new A.I.-generated findings moved the frontiers of higher math in a single day — dispelling any doubt that the field is forever changed.

© Ian C. Bates for The New York Times

Experts say the cataclysmic upheaval to the field will affect students the most, especially graduate students on the cusp of becoming a part of this intellectual community.
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What Are the Remaining Millennium Prize Problems?

OpenAI’s trove of new math results doesn’t fully solve any of these highly prestigious open questions, but it seems to make progress on some.

© Göttingen Library, Clay Mathematics Institute

A page from an 1859 manuscript in which Berhard Reimann formulated his famous hypothesis, one of the remaining Millennium Prize problems.
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U.N. Warns Against Technology Used to Read Citizens’ Minds

A report by the secretary general warned that new technologies could be used to access and criminalize people’s innermost thoughts.

© Francesca Jones for The New York Times

While neurotechnologies have become powerful clinical tools for patients with brain injuries, the United Nations on Thursday warned that future technologies could be abused by governments.
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Trump Administration Delays Threaten Funding for HIV Research

The networks also develop treatments and preventions for other infectious diseases and were instrumental in testing the Covid vaccine.

© Ihsaan Haffejee for The New York Times

Drawing blood at an H.I.V. clinic in South Africa last year. The research networks’ large footprint has enabled them to develop tools to prevent and treat H.I.V., including in marginalized or rare populations.
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry Is Awarded to Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai

The Nobel Committee recognized Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai for solving a century-old mystery about molecules with mirror images. Their work is crucial for pharmaceuticals and carries clues to the origins of life.

© Fredrik Sandberg/TT News Agency, via Reuters

Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai are awarded the 2026 Nobel Prize in Chemistry during a news conference at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, on Wednesday.
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Russia Says It Found No ‘Emergency’ in Plague Lab

New information around the death of a lab worker, including a statement that she had been vaccinated against the plague, came as U.S. officials demanded more data.

© Tatyana Makeyeva/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

The entrance to the grounds of the anti-plague institute in Irkutsk, Russia, on Wednesday. An employee of the institute died of a mysterious pneumonia.
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