US Puts $10 Million Bounty on Alleged Iranian Cyber Chief
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The CISA and FBI, along with cybersecurity agencies from Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the U.K., have released new guidance on outage communications for service providers dealing with major IT and OT outages. The guide calls for prompt, factual and audience-specific communication during disruptions caused by malicious cyber activity or non-malicious events.
Titled βCommunicating Under Pressure: Best Practices for Service Providers,β the guidance says effective communication is critical to limiting operational impact when IT and OT outages affect customers, network defenders, critical infrastructure owners and operators, and the public. It recommends that organizations clearly communicate what is known, what remains unknown and what is still under investigation, while providing frequent updates as circumstances change.
The agencies recommend that service providers establish an outage communications plan before an incident occurs. The plan should define incident thresholds, escalation paths, target audiences and procedures for status pages, customer and partner notices, and regulatory communications. Organizations are also advised to establish cross-functional incident teams involving engineering and operations, communications, legal, risk and compliance, and customer support.
The guidance calls for clearly defined roles, including an incident lead, communications lead and spokesperson. It also recommends parallel workstreams so technical teams can focus on diagnosing and remediating the root cause while communications teams manage external messaging and leadership handles strategy and regulatory requirements.
For organizations responding to cyber incidents, the guidance places particular emphasis on balancing transparency with operational security. If malicious activity is suspected or confirmed, external communications should not compromise investigations, containment efforts or other response activities. Organizations are also advised against making premature conclusions when the root cause remains under investigation.
The guidance recommends segmenting communications for technical teams, executives and the public. Audiences can include enterprise IT teams and security operations centers, employees and customers, government partners and regulators, critical infrastructure owners and operators, as well as the media and general public.
During an outage, organizations should lead with a concise summary covering affected systems, user impact, scope and the known cause without speculation. The agencies also advise against vague descriptions such as βservice degradationβ and recommend messaging that can be understood quickly during high-pressure situations.
Transparency is another central principle. Service providers are advised to state what they know and do not know, use a single source of truth such as a status page, and focus communications on actionable guidance rather than reputation management. Customers should be told what actions they need to take or clearly informed when no action is required.
The guidance also calls for continuous, time-stamped updates that show the incident timeline, actions taken, and recovery milestones. Organizations should maintain a single status page and align external messaging with legal, contractual and sector-specific reporting obligations.
Agencies ultimately frame effective outage communications around five principles: immediate acknowledgement, technical and actionable information, transparency, accountability, and continuous updates. For service providers, the guidance positions communication as an important part of incident response, alongside technical remediation and recovery.
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The PLC cyberattacks targeting the Water and Wastewater Sector have prompted a joint warning from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), after multiple cyber incidents disrupted water operations across the United States. Since July 27, 2026, utility companies in at least seven states have reported attacks involving internet-facing PLCs, with some incidents resulting in degraded operations after threat actors altered device configurations.
According to the Public Service Announcement (PSA), malicious cyber actors targeted Programmable Logic Controllers manufactured by Rockwell Automation, specifically the Allen-Bradley MicroLogix 1100 and 1400 series. The agencies warned that while the observed activity involved these devices, organizations using PLCs from other vendors should also review their security posture.
The FBI said attackers gained remote access to exposed PLCs connected directly to the internet and modified device settings, including IP addresses and passwords. These unauthorized changes caused operators to lose monitoring and control capabilities over affected systems.
In some reported cases, organizations also discovered modified PLC project files after identifying discrepancies in ladder logic across multiple sites. The agencies noted that similar network configurations deployed by third-party providers across different customers could enable threat actors to compromise multiple organizations using the same vulnerable setup.
The operational impact varied depending on how the compromised controller was being used. Systems relying on PLCs for equipment control experienced more significant disruption than those using the devices only for monitoring.
The FBI stated that affected organizations experienced operational disruptions, including pressure loss and flooding.
The PSA warned that reduced pressure within water systems could potentially allow untreated groundwater to enter water pipelines. The severity of the disruption depended on several factors, including whether the PLC controlled equipment or only monitored it, the specific hardware model involved, and whether operators could quickly switch affected systems to manual operation.
The FBI and EPA said they continue working with impacted organizations while encouraging other critical infrastructure operators to strengthen protections against similar attacks.
To reduce the risk of compromise, the agencies urged organizations to disconnect internet-facing PLCs from direct public internet access and instead use secure gateways and firewalls for remote connectivity.
The advisory also recommends securing cellular modems with strong authentication, enabling logging to detect suspicious activity, and implementing isolated network architectures such as private Access Point Names (APNs), Software-Defined Wide Area Networks (SD-WAN), Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), or site-to-site Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
Organizations are advised to use complex, unique passwords for PLC devices and strictly limit communications through firewall rules or access control lists (ACLs) so only authorized control system devices can communicate with PLCs.
Additional recommendations include placing hardware and software key switches in run mode to prevent unauthorized configuration changes, validating project files before returning devices to operation, reviewing PLC logic for unauthorized modifications, verifying backups before restoration, and examining connected devices for signs of lateral movement.
The agencies also encouraged operators to maintain the ability to manually operate Operational Technology (OT) systems, routinely test disaster recovery procedures, and develop replacement plans for end-of-life hardware that no longer receives security updates.
Organizations experiencing similar PLC cyberattacks or OT security incidents are encouraged to report them to their local FBI field office and submit a complaint through the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3).
The advisory also asks affected organizations to provide technical details, including PLC model numbers, serial numbers, IP addresses, and any unusual network activity connected to programmable controllers. For incidents involving Rockwell Automation products, organizations are advised to contact the company's Product Security Incident Response Team.
The FBI, EPA, and partner agencies also referenced previously published guidance covering incident response, cybersecurity best practices for water systems, and secure connectivity principles for Operational Technology (OT) environments.